Development Notes (Class 10 Economic)

Development:-

It is good for someone while bad for others. Different people have different development goals. It sometimes is destructive.

Compare different countries:-

To compare countries their per capita income is most important, the country with more capita income is more developed than countries with less per capita income.

Q.1. Why per capita income to compare the countries?

=> Per capita income is used to compare countries because it shows the annual income of a person of that country. Total income is not taken because all countries have not same population, all have different population. To find per capita income f a country the total income is divided by the total population of that country.

The average income is also called per capita income.

Q.2. What criterion World Bank use to compare countries?

=> The main criterion used by the World Bank is peer capita income. The countries have per capita income more than 12616 US$ per annum are rich countries in 2012, while those who’s per capita income is less than 1035 US$ per annum are low-income countries. India has per capita income 1530 US$ per annum and in the category of low middle income countries.

Infant mortality rate:-

The number of children that die before the age of 1 year per 1000 children.

Human development report:- Human development report is published by UNDP compares countries on the basis of educational levels of people, health status and per capita income.

Q.3. What are limitations of the criterion used by the World Bank?

=> The limitations of this criterion are follows:-

1. It does not show the distribution of income among people.

2. It ignores some useful criterion such as educational levels of people, health status, and infant mortality.

Sustainable development:-

Sustainable development refers to development that meets the needs of present and also meets the needs of future generations.

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